Posts classified under: Volume 9

Institute for Somali Studies > Volume 9
02
Feb
Date February 2, 2025

The Mandate Assessment of the African Union Transition Mission in Somalia (ATMIS)


Abstract





The AU established the African Union Mission in Somalia (AMISOM) as the first regional peacekeeping mission to intervene in Somalia. On 31 March 2022, it was replaced by the African Transitional Mission in
Somalia (ATMIS), which was given a transitional mandate until December 2024. This reconfiguration necessitates a fresh look and reassessment of ATMIS's mandate.
This paper analyzes and examines the reconfiguration decisions and resolutions of the African Union Peace and Security Council (AU PSC) and the United Nations Security Council (UNSC). The central issue is
whether ATMIS, under its current mandate, can feasibly conclude its operations within the abbreviated timeframe, considering Somalia's ongoing security challenges. The study explores whether ATMIS's existing mandate adequately addresses these security challenges and proposes revising the handover process to better align with current situational demands and priorities, as necessary.





Keywords:





African Union Transition Mission in Somalia, peace keeping mission, Somalia, African Union, Mogadishu University, ISOS,


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0 Comments Author dheeg9412
02
Feb
Date February 2, 2025

Kaalinta Caabuqa Covid-19 ee Muujinta Goldaloolooyinka Xeerarka Soomaaliya: Darsid Naqdin iyo Falanqeyn


Mucda Qoraalka (Abstract)





Caabuqa Covid-19 wuxuu ahaa safmar wax ka badalay habnololeedka dunida, wuxuuna soo saaray gaabiska dunida ee dhanka adeegyada sida caddaaladda, caafimaadka, waxbarashada iwm. Meelaha xanuunka Covid-19 uu saamaynta wayn ku yeeshay waxaa ka mid ah dhanka xeerarka, maadaama xeerku uu yahay agabka dowladaha ee loo isticmaalo xakamaynta bulshada “Social control”, beddelitaanka
habnololeedka bulshada “Social change” iyo xalinta murannada bulshada “Social dispute settlements”.
Daraasaddan kooban, oo ah naqdin iyo falanqayn ee loo isticmaalay halbeegga falanqaynta naska “descriptive analytical method”, waxay muujinaysaa in xeerarka Soomaaliya aysan u diyaarsanayn ka
jawaabidda iyo xallinta faldembiyeedyada, murannada iyo xuquuqaha ka dhashay aafada Covid-19, ayna tahay in laga fekero ‘xalal xeereed fog’ oo ku dhisan sii odorasidda mushkiladaha.





Erayada Sheegan:





Covid-19, xuquuqda dastuuriga, fulinta heshiisyada, xaaladda degdegga ah, xeerarka Soomaaliya, Mogadishu University, ISOS,


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0 Comments Author dheeg9412
02
Feb
Date February 2, 2025

Examining the Need for Sentencing Guidelines in the Criminal Justice System of Somalia


Abstract





Sentencing is defined as the final pronouncement of a court after both parties present their cases before it. On the other hand, Sentencing Guidelines are a standard procedure followed when passing a sentence to a convict after considering both the mitigating and aggravating factors of a particular offence. This paper examines the need for Sentencing Guidelines in the dispensation of criminal justice in Somalia. The
methodology of this paper will be purely doctrinal legal research.
This study concludes that issuing the Sentencing Guidelines in the country will greatly improve the proper dispensation of criminal justice by providing starting and end points for sentences. It recommends that the Sentencing Guidelines must not be issued as a mere discretionary sentencing policy but must be compulsory for judicial officers to rely on in the sentencing process. This will, in turn, promote consistency and uniformity as well as enhance public trust in the judiciary.





Keywords:





Sentencing, courts of judicature, criminal justice, Somalia, Mogadishu University, ISOS,


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0 Comments Author dheeg9412
02
Feb
Date February 2, 2025

Opportunities and Challenges for Oil and Gas Production in Somalia


Abstract





Somalia is a country with diverse natural resources, including minerals, renewable and non-renewable energy sources, etc. Recent oil and gas discoveries in Mozambique, Tanzania, and Kenya (offshore) have sparked belief in the huge potential for oil and gas reserves in offshore Somalia.
The discovery of hydrocarbons in the Somali offshore oil fields will be a blessing if they are properly managed.
Although Somalia's upstream exploration programs are still in their infancy, oil industry experts believe the country has high potential for oil and gas exploration and production. This underscores the importance of maintaining strong financial management, stabilization, and political stability. Conversely, mismanagement and lack of transparency may transform the oil and gas resource into a looming resource curse, exacerbating environmental and social damage and conflicts.
Rapid economic development and stability in Somalia can be achieved through the extraction of oil, gas, and minerals, as well as the development of agriculture and livestock, alongside the utilization of marine resources and fisheries.





Keywords:





Oil production, gas production, political stability, Somalia, Mogadishu University, ISOS,


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0 Comments Author dheeg9412
02
Feb
Date February 2, 2025

Mitigating Land Degradation in Somalia


Abstract





Land degradation, characterized by a continued decline in the functionality and productivity of ecosystems due to human activities, poses a significant challenge in Somalia, particularly affecting smallscale farmers and their agricultural lands. The study identified a widespread prevalence of land degradation nationwide. It delves into the causes, effects, and current status of land degradation in Somalia, primarily focusing on generating effective mitigation strategies.
This study underlines the urgency of addressing land degradation in Somalia and proposes a set of mitigation measures. However, the effectiveness of these strategies necessitates establishing a strong
institutional framework that includes comprehensive support systems and a rigorous monitoring and evaluation program.





Keywords:





Somalia, land degradation, soil erosion control, land management, Mogadishu University, ISOS,


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0 Comments Author dheeg9412
02
Feb
Date February 2, 2025

A Model in Somali Leadership: A Unique Political Culture of Adan Abdulle


Abstract





This paper delves into the leadership culture of President Adan Abdulle Osman (1908-2007) to extract valuable insights for the reconstruction of the Somali state. His peaceful power transfer in 1967 marked him as a pioneering democrat in Africa, earning him the title “Father of the Nation”.
This paper contrasts Adan’s political culture with the broader Somali elite political culture, highlighting his inclinations toward encouraging political inclusivity, scorning corruption, and reconciling the political elite. Analyzing post-Adan political shifts reveals his distinct approach from later elites palpable in rigging elections, establishing the one-party system, and subsequent Military coup d’état and what followed it of
tyranny, armed opposition, a fierce civil war and state collapse.
Furthermore, the paper examines the opposition of President Adan. As Somalia reconstructs, embracing President Adan’s leadership model is crucial. Equally important is exposing and understanding the detrimental elite politics that contributed to the state’s downfall and still persists.





Keywords:





Somali Leadership, Adan Abdulle Osman, Political Culture, State Reconstruction, Governance Model, Elite Politics, Mogadishu University, ISOS,


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